Polypyrrole modified stainless steel frits for on-line micro solid phase extraction of ochratoxin A

Polypyrrole (PPy) was electrochemically synthesized on stainless steel frits as a sorbent for the micro solid phase extraction (SPE) of ochratoxin A (OTA). Using 20 l of standard solution under a fast flow rate of 0.5 ml/min, 80% recovery of OTA was achieved in the concentration range from 0.1–10 pg/l. This good recovery was achieved within a short residence time of 1.2 s. A binding capacity of 1 ng OTA was estimated for each PPy-modified frit, or 2 ng OTA for two frits in series. The bound OTA could be pulsed eluted (PE) with 20 l of 1% triethylamine in acetonitrile. On-line coupling of this PPy-on-a-frit and PE technique to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was straightforward. On-line SPE-PE-HPLC results clearly demonstrated the capability of PPy-on-a-frit to bind OTA in the presence of red wine, beer, and orange juice components.     

稀土对SiMnCr和SiMnMo结构钢回火脆性的影响

研究了ＳｉＭｎＣｒ钢和ＳｉＭｎＭｏ钢低温回火过程中机械性能的变化。稀土对低温回火时的材料强度没有明显的影响。ＳｉＭｎＣｒ钢和ＳｉＭｎＭｏ钢分别在３５０和４００℃存在ＴＭＥ谷底值；稀土对谷底值的温度虽然没有影响，却可以在一定程度上改善其数值。稀土改善回火脆性是细化晶粒和抑制奥氏体晶界脆化作用的结果。     

X射线荧光光谱分析不锈钢时的数学校正方法

本文探讨了用XRF法分析不锈钢时，用个别交叉项系数校正Cr、Fe、Ni之间的交叉效应，从而有效地修正了它们之间的吸收一增强效应，使分析结果得到改善，最大误差不超过0．5％。与C－Q方程相比，该法计算简便，具灵活性和实用性，可推广使用。     

稀土氧化物提高中高碳钢堆焊试样抗开裂性机制的研究

采用5CrNiMo热锻模具钢作为研究对象，分析了堆焊试样上的裂纹形貌，测定了堆焊残余应力场并进行了数值模拟。在此基础上，分析了稀土氧化物改善堆焊金属结晶组织和变质夹杂物的作用。结果表明：堆焊裂纹主要在粗大的树枝晶之间、夹杂物和热影响区粗大奥氏体晶粒处形成，并且，在堆焊金属中心和热影响区残余拉应力作用下扩展。堆焊金属中加入稀土氧化物能细化一次柱状晶组织；变质夹杂物。同时，降低堆焊金属马氏体相变温度，从而降低上述危险部位的拉应力峰值。     

氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱测定钢铁中痕量铅

对氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱(HG-AAS)测定铅的预氧化问题和铅的氢化物发生的新机理作了理论上的探讨。发现铅氢化物发生最佳条件同酸、碱等物质的量浓度的中和相关。对柠檬酸的络合、缓冲作用作了研究。发现K3Fe(CN)6的光敏作用能消除钢中有关化学元素对测量铅的干扰。提出了简便准确的钢中0.000 0x%铅的直接测定方法。应用此法分析了5个标样中的铅含量,结果与标准值一致,得RSD为2.0%(n=4,wPb6.2×10-5%)及1.5%(n=14,wPb1.3×10-3%),方法的测定限为w(Pb)5×10-6%。     

Hydrogen diffusion through a steel membrane from solutions of the C2H5OH-H2O-HCl system: Effect of cathodic and anodic polarizations

Effect of cathodic and anodic polarizations on the hydrogen diffusion through a steel membrane from ethanol solutions of hydrochloric acid with a constant ionic strength is studied. The relation of the diffusion flux to the potential of the membrane’s entrance side; concentration of protons in a solvate form; water content in the mixed solvent; and the presence of the thiocyanate ions, which stimulate hydrogen sorption, is considered.     

稀土碳锰纯净钢中夹杂物形成与转化的热力学计算及观察分析

用多相、多组元平衡的热力学计算方法, 对稀土碳锰纯净钢中夹杂物的析出和转化进行了计算. 结果表明, 稀土元素能有效地变质Al2O3夹杂, 在本实验所用材料的成分条件下, Al2O3完全消失的稀土含量为: 1600 ℃时, La>0.009%, Ce>0.01%; 1518 ℃时, La>0.012%, Ce>0.013%, 稀土变质Al2O3的产物主要为RE2O2S. 当La含量大于0.028%, Ce含量大于0.027%后, 体系中将会有RES产生, 但夹杂物仍然以RE2O2S为主. 对试样的扫描电镜观察和分析证实了热力学计算的结果.     

铜和不锈钢材料抗菌生物效应的研究

采用电分析化学方法、光度分析方法研究了铜和不锈钢材料抗菌的生物效应。以大肠杆菌和发光细菌为例，不锈钢材料对它们几乎没有抗菌生物效应，但是铜材料对它们只需作用0．5h，细菌死亡数量则可达到90％以上。该结果在医药卫生消毒、罐装食品的封装及饮用水的管道输送等方面有着重要的意义。     

芳烷基酚树脂玻纤增强材料性能的研究

用芳烷基酚树脂与玻璃纤维布制成纤维增强材料，研究了引材料的高温热老化性能和在３０－５０％热沸太航热醋和含氯离子的热沸醋酸下的腐蚀性能。     

Deposition studies of carbon particles on stainless steel surfaces from hydrocarbon media

The adsorption isotherms for carbon particles of about 200 nm size, in the presence of various combinations of a terminally functionalised (amine) polyisobutylene polymer and alkylpropoxylate/alkylbutoxylate surfactant molecules, on 7 μm diameter stainless steel beads from isooctane solutions have been obtained. The deposition of carbon particles on stainless steel plates was achieved using a flow-cell and analysed using scanning electron microscopy. The flow-cell was also used to study the “cleaning” properties of various polymer/surfactant solutions, in their ability to remove deposited particles. It was found that the polymer molecules were much more effective dispersants and stabilisers for the carbon particles, but the surfactant molecules were much better at effecting anti-deposition and subsequent removal of deposited carbon particles, and provide carried adsorbed polymer chains.